danl Posted December 14, 2012 Share Posted December 14, 2012 Mnemonics (pronounced like "knee monicks") are pronounceable memory aids. Typically, each letter of the "word" represents some specific information you wish to recall. CIGAR, GUMP, ARROW and many others have long been used in real world aviation to aid pilots' memory. Some of these are collected here to help you find them in a reliable, easily accessible location. 1.Preflight Document Check ARROW • Airworthiness certificate • Registration • Radio License • Operating limitations • Weight and balance 2.Before Takeoff CIGARRS: • Controls -- Free moving and move in the correct directions • Instruments -- Flight instruments set and checked • Gas -- Adequate supply and fullest tank selected • Radios -- Radios and other avionics set and checked • Runup -- Magnetos checked, mixture set, carb heat tested, engine instruments checked • Safety -- Seats and seat belt, doors and windows checked 3. Inflight • Compass Speed Change Error ANDS • Accelerate • North • Decelerate • South This is a reminder that the compass wants to veer north when you accelerate and veer south when you decelerate. • Compass Turning Error OSUN • Overshoot • South • Undershoot • North This is a reminder that when you turn, the compass lags from the north and leads from the south, so that when you turn to the north the compass reading should go past the desired heading before rolling level, while in a turn to the south you should roll out before the compass gets to the desired heading. The lead or lag you must account for is approximately equal to the latitude of your current position. • Piston Restart FAST • Fuel -- select fullest tank • Air -- carb heat or alternate air selected • Spark -- magnetos, try left, right and both • Terminate -- land in best possible location if restart unsuccessful • Emergency ABCDE • Airspeed -- fly the airplane first, set up best glide speed • Best place to land -- Pick your landing spot early • Checklist -- Run through your emergency checklist • Declare -- Declare an emergency • Execute -- Execute your forced landing (or other procedure, if applicable) 4.Before Landing GUMPFS • Gas -- on fullest tank • Undercarriage -- down/extended • Mixture -- set for elevation or full rich near sea level • Propeller -- set as needed • Flaps -- set as needed • Safety -- seats and seat belts, doors and windows checked 5.On Final VASI Indications Red over white, you're all right. White over white, you're out of sight. Alternative: White over white, you'll fly all night. Alternative: White over white, you're high as a kite. Alternative: White over white, you remain in flight. Red over red, you're dead. Alternative: Red over red, watch your head. Red over Red: hit the bed. Also Red red you're dead Red and white you're alright White and white you're as high as a kite Also Two whites, you're light; two reds, you're dead. 6.This one comes from the May/June 2008 issue of FAA Aviation News. Emergency Checklist ABCDEFG • Airspeed. Students should memorize the best glide speed and should try not to lose any altitude until reaching that speed. Once there, they trim the aircraft for hands-off glide. The pilot's foremost job is to maintain control of the airplane. • Best field. Students begin by noting wind direction and strength, then noting their present position. Are they directly over a suitable field now? Is there a suitable field at downwind position? Is there a suitable field at base or final position? Students should also note their present altitude relative to traffic pattern altitude, or 800 to 1,000 feet above ground level (AGL). Are they too high or low? How can they fix it? flaps, extend, slips, S-turns? • Checklist. Student should start with a flow pattern across the panel. If altitude and circumstances permit, they should then review the written Restart Checklist. Under all circumstances, it's more important to fly the airplane than to check the list. • Declare an emergency. Student should note their present position, for example, five miles south of Brunswick, then tune the radio to 121.5 MHz, which should already be in the standby position. When making the "Mayday" call, they should answer who (tail number), what, where, and how many aboard questions. Lastly, they should set the transponder to 7700. • Exit preparation. They should prepare the passengers for the landing by ensuring seat belts are tightened, then brief passengers on exit procedures and assignments. Make sure the first aid/survival equipment is in a convenient place, and prepare the aircraft, for example, cracking open doors if the pilot operating handbook/airplane flight manual (POH/AFM) so directs. • Fire prevention. Shut the fuel off, along with the three Ms: mixture, mags, and master. Ensure the fire extinguisher is close at hand. • Ground plan. Pilots should touch down at the slowest possible airspeed, and then evacuate the aircraft. They need to account for everyone and use the first aid/survival equipment as needed. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Certainly there are other mnemonics in use out there. Feel free to submit them to us. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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